Piston and piston-ring.



" PATENTE'D AUGJB, 1907.

7 c. A. SMITH, PISTON AND PISTON RING.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.19,-1908.

v of the piston soon wetimes positively hold in p To (xii whom it may CUIZNTIZI.

Be it known that i, tlun'rls r'r (oiled States, and a resident of the city ol' l llgin, in

tho county of Kano and State of Illinois, haw im ontod' certain now and useful lmproveincnts in Pistons and Piston-11in ing is 2!, full, clear, and exact description of lhcsrtmo, reference being l\it(l to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked th reon, which form a part of thir mr-ihmtion.

licrcioiorc piston rings necessarily emp oyed in packing pistons in cylinder, have usually been constructed as simple h; iron or suit sivf' depr-udont upon tho type oi motor, on; inn or pump in which. used. Tin- 0 rtro on 'igml in place on the n. on inv suit: ole grooves tlivrcior and. the ends thereof a e either buttcd or lapped i(i ;(il!(l. In with leakage of he stonin. wntrr, hydrocarbon Vapor or of flu adapted to pass through the Cylin-L :1 results. Jnually in such. a 'r'ons'truction 2L1" rrrlity of such rings or hands are used one lying list the other and so'arrzn'rged that we meeting ends 0," one rim are separated by a. conuidorablo space irointhe rneeting ends of the adjacent; ring and pins or other suitable moans hold the same from working round the piston to bring'ilio ends oi lV-fU rings together. F thermore whore ordinary rings are emphiyod the trawl i to put tho corn-ddhe rings Sni'lic' true in consoquer ssune out omble min it oi the pltf rlcuge post the rings. 1 hernrorc in cxplo 2 engincs when: considerable heat is evolved, oil passing the rings into the cylinder becomes carbonized and oi'ton causes tho engine tofire prenmturely destroying the e liciency 0f the engine.

With these 6:-

do the object of my invention movement in pistons permit au iutting rings.

. it is in lirerznore an m to provide in co rection vv r.

fitting ri gr; at all tion to insure it close and a pressure tig lit in the cylinder even though tho l;\tter be much Worn or out of true.

It is a further object of tlic invention to provide it piston ring consisting of lllhQl'tJlHtll 'll ll)ll('ll, parts each interlocking with the otl It is furthermore an oirjcct of the iinenlion to uiiord in connection with a g iston a ton r (lupli .rte intcrchsm n 'ons interior-. a swam and oil tight tit within tlic cylindor and in mnrig to insuro nection there 'ith conc ,nled springs protected from the i'ru, u citizon ol' the and I do hon-by declare that the follow provided a recess or socket 5;" ol' ('0 side and 2d the middle of 21 ,Wl ch are Ll ll' i comprising.

i dcwrilu'd and mom ully pointed out mid d'oliuvd in the appcnd vd claims.

On the (lldll'lllflrl Figure l is at \criiml srt'lion oi u piston cnilrodying my im'mitiou I ll()\\'ill l Ilu mun in tho cylindcr' ol- 2t qrmor ('(Hllt'u oxplosiro z-r'zginr. Fig. 21 s an enlarged suction mlwn on line 2" 2 of Fig. l with Fig. fl ism dolzril inccri w ol' sections. Fig

tin-o wrlrpoiugoi1hndsoltluuplii. 7i iriun -r lnrgrd side the Wator jklt'ifli, omitted. one. of the \gimr illustmti p01 and lower ring soct lnnfi. OlUVQiion of the spring and pivot Murine hi2 tho swtioi iudimtw the crlindor As shown in tho druu in he of vourw tlnu don-re or sti -run. u

me or motor or :1 pump or ollmmlm.

ire and in operating through prcfisuro or to impart PM. which i:,-: proridcd :1 rcr'iproczdiug pinion l3. fluid jri. ion 13 is provided with ono or morc pvriphorul omos 215 shown in Fign. l and 2 curl] of which in oi width longitudinally tho piston lo'coi'duin two rings :illording' u snug fit therlil'or. The inner \rnl'l ot' the grooves in flattened or uul dislum-os :ipzu't 21 ind ciucd at I) the )l' coin with (he oi each hut I'm-e is .lrlO depth. t boss iuton' 1 with tho inner number oi finch iiat laces Varying size oi the piston. .ll, the router Seated in arid J). the ands oi h u and mainly the ad in the roo the pistmn tho ho extend oppositely to fltiul' the ends oi tho iluttencd izn therein. 0n the opposite side oi the Bo ing and in alinomcnt with it hoss d is a. boss (5, having it, slightly rounded head, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5. 'lhc ring-5 ouch comprise :1 plurality of duplicate intorrshnngordilc flat sections of uniform thic noes. As ahown, three iplcto ring and tllO curved on the e to an are :1 ppm ailing Ihe ll()ll.()lll or innor wore in aid piston and on the outer edge the cylinder and :1: shou'n tho opposite ring ons are shaped to inlerlit with ring section, each heing' cut mm oli n'ztll of k to an ends 0i said (in? udjricent liquoly in a wzwed'line. Shown in l" shown, approxinmtely in O U ioru the ono w outer t-l(l0 and illOfiihilti-l on the innci door the sec- :FtZ-t-lltlOTHKl on thc inner e and somewhat nearer the 0nd c i the sctinn obliquely out on tho oulor sides is. u, hos (1 out llUllF l'hCiy to provide a siuzllow'roc r or socket udnptod to receive rho boss (1 irOiOLG de which engages ((rll't'flmlldlug set-- tion s oi ii (2 upper and the lower ring.

In securing trio 1" sections in low. one actor 50- rieo oi SuPtlOllS 2;; the lower ring are changed on on the tioii.

the possibility of leakage of steam or vapor past thesame. When passed into the cylinder the springs D are'compressed to afford a c nstant outward pressure on the rings, which is perfectly equalized the shorter end of one section engages behind the lower end of the next thus insuring uniformity of pressure on the walls of the cylinder.

The operatipn is as follows: The sections a e yielding held at all times against the cylinder with uniform pressure and wear to a true fit therewith affording a perfectly tight packing therefor. Inthe same manner, owing to the peculiar shape of the ends of the sections, variation or slip of one end on another at all times acts to improve the fit at the end of the sections thus conti nuous use of rings embodying my invention to afford a more perfect steam and fluid packing. The flat face of one ring section covers the joint in the sectiuis below or above the same and it is that a packing unpervious to steam or fluid pressure is thus provided. Inasmuch as the springs are concealed with in a recess within the channel for the piston rings they are protected, from heat when used in explosive engines or' from injury from any other cause and are therefore oxceptionally durable.

Obviously if it should be desired to replace a ring section it can be accomplished immediately by the removal of one and the substitution of another section. Of course. owing to the perfection of the packing, oil from the crank case cannot esc'apein any excessive quantity past the rings or more than barely suff cient to lubricate the cylinder and in this manner carbonization within the cylinder is prevented.

Obviously I do not purpose limiting this application for patent otherwise than necessitated by the prior art as many details of construction may be varied without departing from thd n'ineiples of this invention.

I claim as my invention.

1. In a device of the class described the combination 'with a piston having peripheral grooves and the inner a socket in the wall of the piston at approximately the conior of each flattened part, a boss engaged at one end in the socket in the Wall of said piston and at its outer end cngaged in the sockets in said rings and a spring been big against the flat wall of the piston'aud forcing said boss outwardly.

2. In a device of the class described the combination with a pisionhaving peripheral grooves the bottoms of which are flattened equal distance apart to afford recesses behind the rings. a socket: in each recess, two piston rings in each groove each comprising a plurality of duplicate interchangeable sections, each provided with a recess or socket nearer one end than the other in its inner side whr-roby the sections of one ring being reversed relatively the ioints thercbctwocn the sections are staggered when the sockctes 'e in alinement and a spring pressed boss scatcd in each socket and bearing in the piston recesses.

3. In a device of the class described the combination with a piston having peripheral grooves of piston rings therefor cach comprising a plurality of duplicate sections of equal length. having curved ends and each provided with a sockot or recess near one end affording a long and short part on .cach side of each section, adjacent rings arranged with the adjacent; sections of each havingtheir long parts which are obliquely cut in a curved line, the joints of one ring falling at about the middle of the other ring sections and springs acting to prcss the sections outwardly and to hold all the sections from movement around the periphery of the piston.

The combination with a piston provided with periphoi-a] grooves to receive the piston rings, oi piston rings scan-d in said grooves and comprising duplicate inter- .chungcablc sections each shaped complcmcntally at the ends to intr-riit: and affording an oblique curved joints, and a boss pressing said piston ring; yicldingly outward against the wall of the cylinder.

G. in a device of the class (ll-scribed the combination with a peripherally grooved piston of piston rings therefor two titled in each groove each compri. og a plurality of duplicate interchangeable sections, springs engaging said sections of each ringiniicrmodifiib their ends and acting to press the same outwardly against the cylinder. the joint in one ring being overlapped by a s .clion of the other ring.

7. A piston ring cnib ting duplicate iulcrchangcable sci-lions cach comprising a strip of steel or other suitable malt-rial shaped to correspond on its outer face with the periphery of the cylini'lrr. and cut obliquely at its ends to afford oblique joints the one directcd outwardly and the other inwardly, a notch on tho inner side of the section at unequal distances from its curls, springs engaged in the I its inncr side unequal distances from the ends the longer ends of the sections of one ring being turned oppositely from the longer ends of the sections of the other ring and springs engaged on the piston and engaging also corrc spending .scctions of each ring and acting to force both equally outward.

9. A device of the class (ii-scribed comprising a piston ring form of a plurality of duplicate interchangeable scclions each shaped to conform with the inner surface of the cylinder and provided with obliquely cut curved ends, one directed outwardly and the other inwardly in O G form. and shapcd to besolf titling by wear and a spring pressed boss firmly bearing against said rings.

1o. In an engine the combination with a cylinder and a piston of duplicate intorchangcablo piston ring sections therein each having curved ends and a socket tthcrcin positioned nearer one end than the other adapted when the socket of the section are in alinomcnit to afford overlapping and light: joints. springs bearing against: the piston and a boss actuated thereby and engaging each a section of a lower and an upper ring and acting to force the same equally against the wall of the cylinder.

11. A piston ring comprising duplicate interchangeable sections curved oppositely at the ends to be mutually tight fitting by wear, springs bearing against the piston and sectious of the ring intcrnimliatc the ends thereof and acting to hold the same firmly against the cylinder.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CURTIS A. SMITH.

C. W. Home. 

